I'll address each starred item from the note in order.
**NFL game length, 1960s vs today**
Average NFL game length has grown mainly from TV timeouts, commercial breaks, replay reviews, and expanded rules (more penalties, longer challenges, coach's challenges, etc.).
- **1960s**: Roughly 2 hours 30 minutes to 2 hours 45 minutes of real time for a full game. Broadcasts were tighter, fewer commercial interruptions, no instant replay for officials, and fewer stoppages overall.
- **Today**: Typically 3 hours 5–15 minutes. The NFL's own figures and broadcast analyses put modern games in the 3:05–3:12 range on average, with some stretching past 3:20. The biggest adds since the 1960s are the structured TV timeout windows and the cumulative time from video reviews/challenges (each review can add 1–3 minutes).
Video review itself is a smaller slice of the total increase than the commercial and broadcast structure, but it is visible and contributes to the perception of longer, more interrupted games.
**Fate and destiny**
They overlap in ordinary use but are not identical.
- **Fate** usually means an outcome fixed or determined in advance (by external forces, chance, or design) that the person does not control.
- **Destiny** often implies a purpose or end that a person can move toward or fulfill, with more room for choice and agency.
Many people treat them as synonyms. Philosophically and in common speech the distinction is that fate is more passive and predetermined, while destiny can include an element of direction the person participates in. Neither is a precise technical term; usage varies by context.
**Travel prices and US domestic travel for Thanksgiving and Christmas**
Yes. Elevated airfares, rental-car rates, and fuel costs reduce or shift domestic holiday travel.
- Airlines and rental companies price dynamically; peak Thanksgiving and Christmas weeks already carry premiums, and higher base costs amplify that.
- Past periods of high fares have produced measurable drops in advance bookings or shifts to driving shorter distances, traveling on off-peak days, or staying home.
- Driving remains the dominant mode for these holidays, so gas prices matter more for the majority of trips than airfares. Sustained high fuel costs tend to shorten average trip distance or reduce the number of multi-leg visits.
Exact 2026 numbers depend on the weeks immediately before the holidays, but the directional effect of high prices on volume and distance is consistent.
**2002 Saturn L300 known charging issues and fixes**
The 2002 Saturn L300 (L-Series) has a documented pattern of charging-system problems. The most common root causes are:
- Alternator failure (internal regulator or diode pack). Symptoms: battery light, dimming lights, dead battery after short drives, voltage below ~13.5 V while running.
- Battery cables and grounds (corrosion or loose connections at the battery, alternator, and engine block). Poor grounds are frequent on these cars and can mimic alternator failure.
- Battery itself (age, internal short, or weak cells). A marginal battery stresses the alternator.
- Less often: serpentine belt slipping or tensioner issues, or a failing PCM voltage-sense circuit.
Practical sequence most shops and owners use:
1. Load-test the battery and clean/tighten all cables and grounds (especially the battery-to-chassis and engine grounds).
2. Measure running voltage at the battery (should be 13.8–14.5 V with loads on). If low, test the alternator output and the sense wire.
3. Replace the alternator if it fails the output/diode test. Aftermarket units are widely available; OEM-style replacements have been the usual fix.
4. Confirm the new alternator and clean connections hold voltage under load.
These cars are sensitive to marginal electrical connections; cleaning and securing the grounds often resolves intermittent charging complaints before the alternator is replaced.